Acid-Base Titration vs. Redox Titration

Main Difference

The main difference between Acid-Base Titration and Redox Titration is that Acid-Base Titration takes place in the presence of acid as well as a base whereas, Redox Titration takes place in the presence of two redox species.

Difference Between Acid-Base Titration and Redox Titration

Comparison Chart

Acid-Base Titration vs. Redox Titration

Acid-Base Titration occurs in the presence of acid as well as a base to form resultants but, Redox Titration takes place in the presence of two redox species, i.e., which are capable of being oxidized and reduced so that resultants could obtain.

While the process of Acid-Base Titration carried out the reaction that leads to the formation of water molecules is known as neutralization reaction and is the major reason for this titration to take place; however, only oxidation and reduction reactions take place in the Redox Titration. As one of the substance reduces and the other oxidizes to complete the process.

Indicators that used in Acid-Base Titrations are commonly the involved acids or bases with which the chemical reaction carried out, i.e., and no special indicator required for this kind of reaction as PH meter used to determine the endpoint. On the contrary, the redox reactions, as are carried out with redox species, require special redox indicators for this indication of the reaction.

Acid-Base Titrations are comparatively more common, and their reaction can take place between any acid or base irrespective of specified substances. It also does not depend upon the strength or weakness of the acids and bases involved in the reaction. But, in the case of Redox Titrations, these kinds of titrations are very specific as they require substances that can be reduced or oxidized and thus seen to occur commonly among the d-block elements.

What is Acid-Base Titration?

In Acid-Base Titration reactions, acids and bases used as titrants. Some of the examples for the commonly used acids are H₂SO₄, HNO_3, or HCL, etc. the same way the most commonly used bases in these reactions are K₂CO₃, Na₂CO_3, or NaOH, etc. Acid-Base Titration is classified based on the strength of each component and has four types. As if the Acid and base used are strong, then this type of titration is known as Strong Acid-Strong Base Titration and also the same in the remaining cases where the name of category changes with the strength or weakness of the titrants.

Titration of the analyte carried out by using these acids and bases as titrants that go through neutralization reaction. During this neutralization reaction, water as a by-product produced. The base kept in titration flask, and acid is added in the burette, the reaction occurs between these acids and bases in the form of H+ ions and OH- ions.

The volume measurement is taken for the amount of titrant that was added to the solution. Thus the volume of titrant required to react completely with a known amount of solution is recorded, and after putting values in their chemical equation as in the stoichiometry, the concentration of the unknown solution is determined.

An indicator for acid and base is added in the base solution for determining the endpoint of the titration. The variation in color of that determinant when the solution changes its nature from being acidic to basic or vice versa indicates the endpoint for the titration. When the neutralization reaction completes, any extra drop of the acid leads to a change in the color of the solution as it changes the nature of the solution.

With strong acids and bases, the equivalence point is 7, but the PH curve varies if weak acid or base used. Thus Indicators that are used in Acid-Base Titrations are commonly the involved acids or bases with which the chemical reaction is being carried out. Thus commonly, no special indicator is required for this kind of reaction as ph changes determine the endpoint. Acid-Base Titrations are comparatively more common, and this type of titration can take place between any acid or base and an analyte irrespective of specified substances.

What is Redox Titration?

Redox Titration takes place in the presence of two redox species that are capable of being oxidized and reduced so that titration of analyte could be carried out. Both the oxidation and reduction reaction take place in the same solution at the same time.

One of these redox species gets oxidizes as the reaction completes, and the other one gets reduced. The oxidizing substance releases electrons, and the reducing substance gains electrons completing the redox reaction. As the electrons gain and lost, remain the same, the charge remains the same in the overall reaction.

In some cases, as MnO₄^– the color changes during the reaction indicate the endpoint or the status of the reaction is traced. But cases like iodine to iodide reduction by thiosulphate require starch as an indicator for the endpoint of the reaction. This starch is also used as an indicator when wines are analyzed for sulfur dioxide using an iodine solution as a titrant.

The starch here represents the endpoint when blue starch-iodine complex results after the excess of iodine in the solution, thus indicating the endpoint for the solution. Unlike Acid-Base Titration, special indicators are used in these titration reactions for the determination of endpoint. In the case of Redox Titrations, the analyte can be titrated by using specified substances as this kind of titrations are very specific and require substances that have the ability to be reduced or oxidized and thus seen to occur commonly among the d-block elements. Like in the cases of Fe2+ / Fe3+, Cr3+ / Cr6+, which have the ability to take part in a redox reaction as they have a variable oxidation number.

Conclusion

Acid-Base Titration of an analyte takes place in the presence of acid and base that act as titrant via neutralization reaction; however, Redox Titration of an analyte takes place in the presence of two redox species via oxidation and reduction reaction.