Ontology vs. Epistemology
The main difference between Ontology and Epistemology is that Ontology is associated with the nature of reality, whereas Epistemology is associated with the general basis of nature of reality, including different methods of gaining knowledge.
Key Differences
Ontology is the learning of “being” like “being in the world”; on the other hand, epistemology is the learning of knowledge or knowing about things like “what do you know?”.
The branch of philosophy which is concerned with the overall nature of things with identifying in the most general term is known as ontology; on the other hand, the branch of philosophy which is concerned with the nature of knowledge itself, its scope, possibility, and general basis is epistemology.
People normally like to describe things very accurately in ontology, while people catch a logical reason behind every occurrence using precise data in epistemology.
The ontology generally asks questions about like “What is existence?” or “What is the purpose of existence?”; on the contrary, the epistemology usually asks questions about like “What do you know?” or “How do you know it?”
Ontology inquires about what things, actions, and relationships accurately do occur and usually exist as; on the flip side, epistemology inquires about how and why things occur and ask objectively.
Comparison Chart
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The branch of philosophy that is associated with the overall nature of things with identifying in the most general term is the ontology
The philosophy branch that is associated with the kind of knowledge or information itself, its scope, possibility, and comprehensive basis is epistemology
Area
Generally associated with the truth or reality, and the nature of reality
Associated with the nature of gaining knowledge and many different methods of gaining knowledge
Questions
Questions are usually asked, like “What is existence?” or “What is the purpose of being?”
Questions are generally asked, like “What do you know?” or “How do you know it?”.
Asks About
Asks about what things, behaviors, and relationships accurately do exist and usually exist as
Asks about how and why things occur and ask in an objective way
Opposing Ideas
Ontology says “this is that”
Epistemology answers, “how can you be so sure of what it is if you don’t even know what it is?”
Importance
People usually love to define things very precisely
People find a logical reason behind every happening using precise data
Study
The study of “being” like “being in the world.”
The study of knowledge or knowing about things like “what do you know?”.
Tries To
Tries to address us who we are
Mainly tries to answer how close to absolute reality is our perceived reality
Example
When a grey parrot asking his trainer what color am I? by presenting his shapes of different colors, the parrot is posing an ontological question
Why and how could the color of parrot grey?
Ontology and Epistemology Definitions
Ontology
The branch of metaphysics that deals with the nature of being.
Epistemology
The branch of philosophy that examines the nature of knowledge, its presuppositions and foundations, and its extent and validity.
Ontology
(Computers) A system for naming, classifying, and defining objects.
Epistemology
(uncountable) The branch of philosophy dealing with the study of knowledge; theory of knowledge, asking such questions as "What is knowledge?", "How is knowledge acquired?", "What do people know?", "How do we know what we know?", "How do we know it is true?", and so on.
Some thinkers take the view that, beginning with the work of Descartes, epistemology began to replace metaphysics as the most important area of philosophy.
Ontology
The branch of metaphysics that addresses the nature or essential characteristics of being and of things that exist; the study of being qua being.
Epistemology
(countable) A particular instance, version, or school thereof; a particular theory of knowledge.
In his epistemology, Plato maintains that our knowledge of universal concepts is a kind of recollection.
Ontology
In a subject view, or a world view, the set of conceptual or material things or classes of things that are recognised as existing, or are assumed to exist in context, and their interrelations; in a body of theory, the ontology comprises the domain of discourse, the things that are defined as existing, together with whatever emerges from their mutual implications.
Epistemology
The theory or science of the method or grounds of knowledge.
Ontology
The theory of a particular philosopher or school of thought concerning the fundamental types of entity in the universe.
Epistemology
The philosophical theory of knowledge
Ontology
(logic) A logical system involving theory of classes, developed by Stanislaw Lesniewski (1886-1939).
Ontology
A structure of concepts or entities within a domain, organized by relationships; a system model.
Ontology
That department of the science of metaphysics which investigates and explains the nature and essential properties and relations of all beings, as such, or the principles and causes of being.
Ontology
A systematic arrangement of all of the important categories of objects or concepts which exist in some field of discourse, showing the relations between them. When complete, an ontology is a categorization of all of the concepts in some field of knowledge, including the objects and all of the properties, relations, and functions needed to define the objects and specify their actions. A simplified ontology may contain only a hierarchical classification (a taxonomy) showing the type subsumption relations between concepts in the field of discourse. An ontology may be visualized as an abstract graph with nodes and labeled arcs representing the objects and relations.
Ontology
The metaphysical study of the nature of being and existence
Ontology vs. Epistemology
Ontology is generally associated with the truth or reality, and the nature of reality; on the other hand, epistemology is usually associated with the nature of gaining knowledge and many different methods of gaining knowledge.
In ontology, these types of questions are usually asked, like “What is existence?” or “What is the purpose of existence?”; on the contrary, in epistemology, these types of questions are generally asked, like “What do you know?” or “How do you know it?”.
Ontology asks about what things, behaviors, and relationships accurately do exist and usually exist as; on the flip side, epistemology asks about how and why things occur and ask candidly. There are present opposing ideas like the ontology say “this is that,” but the epistemology answer “how can you be so sure of what it is if you don’t even know what it is?”.
In ontology, people usually love to define things very precisely, while in epistemology, people find a logical reason behind every happening using precise data. Ontology is generally the study of “being” like “being in the world”; on the other hand, epistemology is the study of knowledge or knowing about things like “what do you know?”.
Ontology mainly tries to address us who we are, while epistemology mainly tries to answer how close to absolute reality is our perceived reality. An example of an ontology is when a grey parrot asking the trainer what color am I? by presenting his shapes of different colors, the parrot is posing an ontological question; on the contrary, the example of epistemology is why and how could the color of parrot grey?
What is Ontology?
Ontology is considered as the fundamental branch of philosophy and is one of the oldest. It is a Greek word that means study, theory, or science of being, which exists.
In practical terms, the ontology studies about the existence or non-existence of stuff, and additionally, the existence of how things related to each other. The questions that ontology asks are some of the oldest types of questions that are usually asked by humankind: Do ideas, memories, and emotions exist? Does God exist? Do numbers exist? If numbers, memories, or numbers exist, then how do they relate to each other?
All things are divided into two large groups by ontology: Concrete Entities, which includes trees or stones, and Abstract Entities, which includes God or memories. Understandably, it is usually not possible to study these two types of entities in a similar method because both of them contain different characteristics.
Like all branches of philosophy, ontology could be related to different fields of knowledge. For instance, in medicine, the ontology considers deeply into what type of disease is, what are different characteristics it has, and how humans could observe it.
In law, the ontology determines the features of law and the characteristics which differentiate it from other systems, e.g., customs. Moreover, in the ontology of computer science, it has grown up so much, and its entities study the computer science field and how they relate to each other.
What is Epistemology?
Epistemology means study about knowledge. Epistemology deals with the second type of knowledge, and that’s why it is said that epistemology is the branch of philosophy that deals with the study of science.
For Greeks in older times, there were two types of knowledge: Doxa means vulgar knowledge. It is usually based on subjective observance and opinion. For instance, if I look out of the door, I know it rains. Episteme means rigorous knowledge, and it is normally based on the acquired knowledge from objective analysis and study. For instance, after reading, I know what causes rain.
Epistemology was studied from the very beginning as ontology. That’s why we can easily find examples of epistemological interrogations from the philosophers of antiquity.
René Descartes (1596-1650), the French philosopher, is deliberated as the founder of modern epistemology who gives views that are based on the principle called epistemological fundamentalism. This principle is a thesis that says that human knowledge must rely on truths that cannot be denied.
