Molarity vs. Normality

Main Difference

The main difference between Molarity and Normality is that Molarity is considered as the number of moles that are present in a mixture of compounds, whereas Normality is considered as the number of gram equivalents of a compound that are present in the mixture of compounds.

Difference Between Molarity and Normality

Comparison Chart

Molarity vs. Normality

Molarity is considered as the number of moles of a compound that are present in a liter solution, while normality is the amount of solution present in gram equivalent of a solute weight in a one-liter solution. The unit of molarity is calculated as mole/L; on the other hand, the unit of normality is calculated as eq/L or meq/L. The dependency of molarity present in a solution does not depend on the type of reaction that solute undergoes; on the contrary, the dependency of normality present in a solution depends on the type of reaction that solute undergoes.

Molarity of a solution can be altered by the change in temperature through increasing the volume; on the flip side, the normality of a solution cannot be affected by the change in temperature. The molarity of a solution usually depends on volume, temperature, the solubility of a solute, and the addition of more solutes in the solution; on the other hand, the normality of a solution generally depends on the reactive species which are normally present in that solution of normality. Molarity is symbolized by “M,” while normality is usually symbolized by “N.”

Molarity is considered as the unit of concentration, which is used to calculate the change in temperature through experiments, whereas normality is generally used more often for the titration calculations. An example of molarity is described as 1M solution of H₂SO_4, usually contains 1 mole of H₂SO₄ per liter solution; on the contrary, the example of normality is given as 1M H₂SO₄ contains molarity of 2 N because 2 moles of H+ ions are generally present in per liter solution.

The molarity can be converted into normality by N = M*n where ‘n’ is considered as the number of equivalents present in a 1-liter solution. The formula of molarity for the calculation is written as “molarity = moles of solute/liters of the solution”; on the other hand, the formula for calculating normality is written as “normality = number of mole equivalents/1 L of the solution”.

Comparis.on Chart

What is Molarity?

The term molarity defined as the number of moles of a compound that are present in a solute in per liter of solution. Molarity is symbolized by “M.” Molarity is also known as the molar concentration because it generally gives the concentration of compounds through moles per liter. The unit of molarity is calculated as mole/L, which is generally used to calculate the molarity of a solution.

However, the measurement of molarity is done in liters, so the molarity of a solution is measured concerning solutions such as liquids. A solution consists of solute and solvent in which solutes are normally dissolved in a solvent, and this mixture of solvent and solutes is known as a solution.

Molarity is considered as the unit of concentration, which is used to calculate the change in temperature through experiments. The molarity of a solution can be transformed by the change in temperature by increasing the volume. The dependency of molarity present in a solution does not depend on the type of reaction that solute undergoes, but the molarity of a solution usually depends on volume, temperature, the solubility of a solute, and the addition of more solutes in the solution.

The amount of solutes that are present in one liter of the solution is known as the molarity of the solution. So molarity is calculated by dividing the number of moles present in the solution from the volume of the particular solution. The molarity can be converted into normality by N = M*n where ‘n’ is considered as the number of equivalents present in a 1-liter solution.

An example of molarity is a 1M solution of H₂SO₄ usually contains 1 mole of H₂SO₄ per liter solution. The equation for molarity is Molarity = moles of solute/liters of solution or C = n/V, where C is the number of moles, n is the number of moles, and V is the volume of solution.

What is Normality?

The term normality is defined as the number of moles present in a solution that are equivalents weight in per liter of solution. Hence, normality is also known as the equivalent concentration of a solution. The unit of normality is calculated as eq/L or meq/L, and it is usually symbolized by “N.”

For calculations on a smaller scale, the unit meq/L is used, and it stands for “milliequivalent.” Normality is generally used to describe the concentration of hydroxyl ion (OH^–) and the concentration of hydronium ion (H₃O⁺), which are present in an acid-base reaction.

The equation for normality is Normality = number of mole equivalents/1 L of solution. The example of normality is given as 1M H₂SO₄ contains molarity of 2 N because 2 moles of H+ ions are generally present in per liter solution. But when sulfuric acid is used in a reaction of precipitation where sulfide as a reactant becomes precipitated by using the sulfuric acid, and then the normality of sulfuric acid becomes 1 N because one sulfate ion from the sulfuric acid is released from the reaction.

Conclusion

The above discussion concludes that the values of both molarity and normality are different from each other since, molarity is used to calculate the change in temperature, whereas normality is generally used more often for the titration calculations. Molarity is the number of moles that are present in a mixture of compounds, while normality is the number of grams equals to a compound that is present in a mixture of compounds.