Turner Syndrome vs. Klinefelter Syndrome
Key Differences
Comparison Chart
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Karyotype
Ratio
Physical appearance
Treatment
Turner Syndrome vs. Klinefelter Syndrome
Turner syndrome was discovered by Dr. Henry turner in 1938. Turner syndrome only affects girls. Turner syndrome is not inherited, parental or environmental but this syndrome is due to sudden changes in the genetic material or changes in chromosome number. Every human individual has 46 (2n-1) chromosomes, but one chromosome pair is different both in girls and boys. Girls have 46XX chromosomes while boys have 46XY chromosomes. The Girls with Turner syndrome have second X chromosome missing (45X), and because of this, the body develops differently. Turner syndrome is diagnosed after birth. Klinefelter syndrome was first identified by DR. Harry Klinefelter in 1940. Klinefelter syndrome only affects the boys. In this case, boys have an extra chromosome or sometimes more. Klinefelter syndrome is responsible for the less production of testosterone, the hormone which is essential for the primary characteristics of the males. It also changes the physical appearance of men and some serious internal changes. Boys with Turner syndrome have 47 (2n+1) chromosomes.
What is Turner syndrome?
Turner Syndrome is the condition of a chromosome that changes the development of females.females with one missing X chromosome is termed as Turner syndrome. It is also written as XO syndrome. Females with this syndrome remain shorter than usual in height. They are infertile as they cannot conceive the child because they have no ovary or sometimes they have less developed ovaries. Girl with Turner syndrome also has other physical changes as webbed neck, puffiness of hands and feet, heart defects and kidney problems. They do not start their periods as their ovaries do not produce estrogen and progesterone hormones at puberty. They have a broad chest. Treatment of Turner syndrome is hormone therapy in which growth hormones injections are given to affected girls. Two main clinical features of the individual like short stature and lack of development of ovaries are the points of diagnosis of Turner syndrome.
What is Klinefelter Syndrome?
Klinefelter Syndrome is a genetic change that occurs when a boy is born with an extra copy of the X chromosome. Klinefelter syndrome is a common ancestral state that affects males. This syndrome mainly affects the testes of an individual. Symptoms of Klinefelter syndrome are smaller testes, less production of testosterone. They have facial hairs, enlarge breasts, long legs, weaker bones. They also have an increased risk of breast cancer and osteoporosis. This syndrome is diagnosed by the presence of one extra X chromosome. A karyotype can be done by amniocentesis before birth and by a blood test after birth. They also have increased belly fat, less muscular than usual, low sex drive, taller than average height. Treatment of this syndrome is also hormone therapy and infertility treatment in some cases. Klinefelter syndrome may increase the risk of a problem with sexual function, lung disease, tooth problems, anxiety, and depression. This syndrome can be diagnosed by blood and urine testing. A karyotype analysis which is also known as chromosome analysis is also used for the diagnosis of Klinefelter syndrome.
