Replication vs. Transcription
Main DifferenceFor an organism to grow, cell division is essential. But for cell division DNA of the cell must replicate so that the daughter cells have same genetic material as their parent cell. Transcription is a process in which sequence of DNA enzymatically copied by RNA polymerase to produce RNA. Transcription is basically transfer of genetic information from DNA into RNA. Both the processes involves the formation of new molecules of nucleic acid which can be either DNA or RNA. However, both DNA and RNA have different roles, with one involved in gene expression while other in cell division.
Difference Between Replication and Transcription
Replication vs. Transcription
Replication is a process in which two DNA are formed from a single DNA while transcription is a process in which RNA is formed from DNA.
Replication vs. Transcription
Replication occurs in the S-phase of the cell cycle while transcription occurs in G1 and G2 phase of the cell cycle.
Replication vs. Transcription
DNA polymerase is used in replication while RNA polymerase is used in transcription.
Replication vs. Transcription
In replication, two set of DNA is formed from two strands of DNA while in transcription single RNA strand is formed from single strand of DNA.
Replication vs. Transcription
Replication involves copying of the entire genome while transcription involves copying of certain genes only.
Replication vs. Transcription
Replication helps in conserving the genome for generation of cells while transcription forms copies of DNA gene for immediate use in the formation of proteins.
Replicationnoun
The process by which an object, person, place or idea may be copied mimicked or reproduced.
Transcriptionnoun
The act or process of transcribing.
Replicationnoun
Copy; reproduction.
That painting is an almost exact replication of a famous Rembrandt painting.Transcriptionnoun
Something that has been transcribed, including:
Replicationnoun
(legal) A response from the plaintiff to the defendant's plea.
Transcriptionnoun
(music) An adaptation of a composition.
These frame tale interludes frequently include transcriptions of Italian folk songs.Replicationnoun
(biology) The process of producing replicas of DNA or RNA molecules.
Transcriptionnoun
(broadcasting) A recorded radio or television programme.
Replicationnoun
(computing) The process of frequent electronic data copying a one database in one computer or server to a database in another so that all users share the same level of information. Used to improve fault tolerance of the system.
Transcriptionnoun
(linguistics) A representation of speech sounds as phonetic symbols.
Replicationnoun
the act of making copies;
Gutenberg's reproduction of holy texts was far more efficientTranscriptionnoun
(obsolete) A written document.
Replicationnoun
(genetics) the process whereby DNA makes a copy of itself before cell division
Transcriptionnoun
(genetics) The synthesis of RNA under the direction of DNA.
Replicationnoun
a quick reply to a question or remark (especially a witty or critical one);
it brought a sharp rejoinder from the teacherTranscriptionnoun
something written, especially copied from one medium to another, as a typewritten version of dictation
Replicationnoun
(law) a pleading made by a plaintiff in reply to the defendant's plea or answer
Transcriptionnoun
(genetics) the organic process whereby the DNA sequence in a gene is copied into mRNA; the process whereby a base sequence of messenger RNA is synthesized on a template of complementary DNA
Replicationnoun
the persistence of a sound after its source has stopped
Transcriptionnoun
a sound or television recording (e.g., from a broadcast to a tape recording)
Replicationnoun
copy that is not the original; something that has been copied
Transcriptionnoun
the act of arranging and adapting a piece of music
Replicationnoun
the repetition of an experiment in order to test the validity of its conclusion;
scientists will not believe an experimental result until they have seen at least one replicationTranscriptionnoun
the act of making a record (especially an audio record);
she watched the recording from a sound-proof boothReplication
Replication is a process involved in cell division which includes copying the DNA in a cell so that there will be two sets of DNA, each set of DNA is then available for daughter cell. Process of replication occurs in S-phase (synthesis phase) of cell cycle. In replication, first DNA unwinds and then DNA helix separates into two and each strand act as template for daughter’s cell DNA in which single DNA strand forms double stranded DNA. But before that RNA primer is required to start replication. Process of replication is catalyzed by DNA polymerase enzymes which recreates the complementary DNA sequence when the two DNA strands are separated. DNA replication involves copying of the entire genome. Deoxyribose nucleotide triphosphate act as raw materials which combines with the nucleotides of the single DNA strand which serve as a template through phosphodiester bond. Hence, newly double stranded DNA helix is formed by the process of replication. This process helps to conserve the genetic information for the generation of cells and the individuals. Remaining products of replication are not degraded and remains within the nucleus.
Transcription
Transcription is a process which involves copying of DNA into RNA. The part of DNA which codes for gene is copied into messenger RNA (mRNA) or transfer RNA (tRNA) or ribosomal RNA (rRNA). Process of transcription occurs in G1 and G2 phases of cell cycle. In transcription, first step is the untwisting and separation of the two DNA strands. RNA polymerase an enzyme which then travels along the length DNA strand and starts binding RNA nucleotides into the DNA strand, until a complete strand of RNA is formed. Then the mRNA comes into the cytoplasm through the nuclear pore of the nucleus where it is translated into proteins. Transcription takes place only in one strand of DNA and it allows copying of only certain amount of genes. So, single strand of RNA is formed from the one segment of DNA. No primer is required in transcription. Process of transcription helps to form DNA copies of genes which can be used in immediate production of proteins. Remaining products of the process of transcription are degraded when their function is over.
