YAC Vector vs. BAC Vector

Main Difference

The main difference between YAC Vector and BAC Vector is that YAC Vectors are the vector systems contained by yeast inside them for replication of molecular components and can hold data of size 100-1000kb, whereas BAC Vectors are the vector systems that are contained by artificially altered bacterial chromosome vectors for replication of molecular components and can hold the size of 100-200kb.

Difference Between YAC Vector and BAC Vector

Comparison Chart

YAC Vector vs. BAC Vector

YAC Vectors contain yeast inside them for replication of molecular components, which means their DNA is altered to incorporate yeast component, but BAC Vector contains artificially altered bacterial chromosome vectors for replication of molecular components.

YAC Vectors are formed by the use of telomeric, centromeric, and replication origin sequences for replicating yeast cells, whereas BAC Vectors are formed by the use of functional fertility plasmid or F-plasmid by injecting it into bacteria like E. coli thus by transforming or cloning it. YAC Vectors use yeast cells as hosts for completion of the process, whereas BAC Vectors use bacteria cells as host and F-plasmid for completion of the process.

The basis for YAC Vectors is very regional specified, i.e., specific regions of yeast chromosomes can only be used for using it as a vector, whereas, for BAC Vectors, the F-plasmid is used for carrying out vector properties from these bacteria. As far as configuration is concerned, YAC Vectors are configured linearly, but BAC Vectors are configured in a circular region.

The copying capacity is only one per yeast cell in YAC Vectors, whereas, in BAC Vectors, they are copied one to two per cell. The cloning capacity very much different as YAC Vectors have higher capacity in terms of data retention, as data up to 1000 kb can be inserted in these cells, whereas in BAC Vectors the copying capacity is much lower and data up to only 200 kb can only be inserted for carrying out the whole process.

What is YAC Vector?

YAC Vectors are the vector system that uses yeast as vectors for replication of molecular components, which means their DNA is altered to incorporate the required component. These are also artificial vector systems for the insertion of DNA fragments.

Thus large DNA fragments can be inserted in these vector systems for achieving multiple applications in the preparation of genomic libraries. Thus after the production of these cells, the required product is obtained.

The YAC vectors are formed by the use of telomeric, centromeric regions of DNA along with the replicating origin sequences for replication and cloning of yeast cells. The required trait is copied to these specified regions on the yeast cells, which on the turn, is obtained upon reproduction of these cells.

Elements of the yeast chromosomes used in the process are comprised of elements, Where CEN is the centromere of the yeast chromosome, which helps in the segregation of the chromosome into two daughter cells in the process of reproduction.

ARS act as the replicating origins for self-replication in a yeast cell, and TEL is the Telomeric region. TRP1 and URA3 act as identifiable marker genes. Bacterial selectable marker gene along with BamHI and EcoRI restriction are the sites for linearization of the DNA fragment and insertion of the data.

YAC Vectors use yeast cells as host for completion of the process. The basis for these vectors is very regional specified, i.e., specific regions of yeast chromosomes can only be used for using it as a vector. As far as configuration is concerned, YAC Vectors are configured linearly, as discussed above.

The copying capacity is only one per yeast cell in YAC Vectors. The cloning capacity, on the other hand, varies very much differently as YAC Vectors have higher capacity in terms of data retention, as data up to 1000 kb can be inserted in these cells.

What is BAC Vector?

BAC Vector is the kind of vector systems that use artificially altered bacterial chromosome vectors for the replication of molecular components. These are also artificial vector systems for the insertion of DNA fragments.

Large DNA fragments can be inserted in these vector systems. BAC Vectors use bacterial cells as vector systems because of the use of the F-plasmid in carrying out vector process for achieving traits from these bacteria. These vector systems are formed by the use of functional fertility plasmid or F-plasmid by injecting it into bacteria like E. coli, thus transforming or cloning it.

The main components in these BAC vectors are comprised of repE which eases in Mediation of the formation of the segregation complex, parA and parB are used for partitioning of genes during this segregation. Selectable markers, in this case, are used as an antibiotic resistance gene or LacZ, T7 and SP6 are used to ease the transcription of the insertion process, OriS component is used for the unidirectional breakup of replication.

As far as configuration is concerned, in the case of these vectors, the configuration is carried out in a circular region. The copying capacity in the case of BAC Vectors is larger than YAC Vectors as one to two per bacterial cell is copied.

The cloning capacity, on the other hand, varies much differently as BAC Vectors, the cloning capacity is much lower, and data up to only 200 kb can only be inserted in a singular bacterial cell that carries out out the whole process.

Conclusion

YAC Vector is hosted by yeast for replication of molecular components and can hold data of size 100-1000 kb, but BAC Vector is contained by artificially altered bacterial chromosome vectors for replication of molecular components and can hold the size of 100-200 kb.