Losartan vs. Lisinopril

Main Difference

The main difference between Losartan and Lisinopril is that Losartan is angiotensin II receptor antagonist and Lisinopril is angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor.

Difference Between Losartan and Lisinopril

Comparison Chart

Losartan vs. Lisinopril

Losartan is the angiotensin II receptor blocker; on the other hand, Lisinopril is the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor. Losartan initial dose is 50-100mg daily while Lisinopril initial dose is 2.5-5mg daily. Losartan prevents stroke in patients of left ventricular failure and hypertension patients, on the other hand, Lisinopril does not prevent the stroke in such patients. Losartan bioavailability is 32 % whereas Lisinopril bioavailability is 25 %. Losartan is used in diabetic nephropathy, on the other hand, Lisinopril does not find its use in diabetic nephropathy. Losartan is not used in heart failure and after an acute attack of the heart attack while Lisinopril is used in heart failure and after an acute heart attack.

What is Losartan?

Losartan is the angiotensin II receptor antagonist and is used to treat hypertension. Losartan finds its use in the treatment of heart failure, left ventricular enlargement and diabetic kidney disease. Losartan is taken orally and can be taken alone or in combination with the other blood pressure-lowering medicines. Losartan shows its full therapeutic actions in six weeks. Losartan administration leads to a decrease in the total peripheral resistance and cardio venous return. Losartan antagonises all the physiological effects of angiotensin II. In the consequence of the pharmacological effects of the Losartan the plasma activity of renin increases. The reason for this is the removal of angiotensin II feedback. Uricosuric effect of Losartan makes it significant among all members of this group. Losartan inhibits the uric acid uptake into cells. As a result of it more uric acid is available in the bloodstream which can be filtered and excreted by kidneys. Losartan should not be taken with a potassium supplement or salts containing potassium as it causes hyperkalemia. Losartan is well absorbed when taken orally and undergoes ist pass metabolism. 5-carboxylic acid metabolite and this metabolite is a long-acting antagonist at the AT receptor and contributes to the therapeutic effects of the Losartan. Bioavailability of Losartan is about 32%. Cytochrome P450 isoenzyme plays an active role in the metabolism of the Losartan. Peak plasma concentration of the Losartan reaches in 1hr after an oral dose. Losartan is excreted in the urine, faeces, bile in the form of unchanged drug and metabolite. After oral dose Losartan is 4 % excreted unchanged in the urine, and 6 % is excreted as an active metabolite in urine. Losartan is toxic to the fetus and should not be used in pregnancy especially after ist trimester. One should not use Losartan if one is allergic to Losartan.

Example

Losartan containing important brand is Cozaar

What is Lisinopril?

Lisinopril is an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor. Lisinopril is used to treat heart failure, blood pressure, and heart attack. Lisinopril is ist line treatment for hypertension. Lisinopril in diabetes patients prevents kidney disease. Lisinopril is taken orally and shows its full pharmacological effects in four weeks. Lisinopril is an analog of enalapril. Lisinopril shows its pharmacological actions by blocking the angiotensin-converting enzyme in the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. This leads to excretion of sodium along with water in the urine and retains the potassium ions. The absorption of the Lisinopril is not affected by any type of food. Bioavailability of the Lisinopril is poor, and peak plasma concentration of the Lisinopril is achieved in 7 hrs. The duration of therapeutic action is 24-30 hrs. The bonding of Lisinopril to plasma proteins is not found. Lisinopril is water-soluble and does not metabolize by the liver. Lisinopril is excreted in the urine in unchanged form. The half-life of Lisinopril is 12 hrs and half-life increases in patients who are suffering from kidney diseases. Headache, tiredness, dizziness, cough, nausea, and rash are adverse effects of the Lisinopril. Lisinopril can cause some serious side effects including liver problems, low blood pressure, angioedema, and high blood potassium. Lisinopril use in pregnancy is not recommended as it harms the baby and is classified as the pregnancy category D drug. The patients with the history of angioedema or who are allergic to any member of the Ace inhibitors should not take this drug. If the patient is taking sacubitril, then he must not use Lisinopril before and after 36 hr of taking sacubitril.

Example

Lisinopril containing important brand is Zestril.

Conclusion

The conclusion of the above discussion is that Losartan and Lisinopril both belong to two different groups of classes and are used commonly for the treatment of hypertension and some other cardiovascular problems.