Valency vs. Oxidation State
Key Differences
Comparison Chart
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Electrical Charge
Bond Indication
The Behavior of Pure Element
Changing of Number
Electronic Configuration
Valency and Oxidation State Definitions
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Valency vs. Oxidation State
Valency is the integer of electrons present in the outermost shell of an atom, whereas oxidation state is the number of charges gain or lost by an atom. Valency doesn’t indicate the electrical charge in a compound; on the other hand, oxidation state indicates the charge on an atom of compound. Valency determines the number of bonds makes by an atom, while the oxidation state doesn’t indicate any types of bonds. Valency of the pure element is the number electrons present in the outermost shell which it gains or losses, whereas oxidation state of the pure element is zero due to its neutrality. Valency is used to indicate the number of electrons in valance shell, whereas oxidation state is used to indicate the charge on an atom Valency doesn’t have any charge indication, whereas oxidation state is indicating the charge on an atom. Valency of an atom is not changed, whereas oxidation state may vary according to the compound. Valency is to indicate the number of bonds, whereas the oxidation state is not indicating this behavior.
What is Valency?
Valency referred to as the extreme number of electrons present in the outermost shell of an atom. It is denoted by charge because every atom has its electron in its valance shell. Its number also indicates the number of bonds by which it can make with other elements to satisfy its charge. Valency of pure elements also having some charge due to its presence of electron. The valency of an atom does not change either the atom makes bond or not. The valency of an atom is the indication of how much an atom gains or lose an electron. Every group element has the same valency. Valency is used to determine the valance shell electrons. Valency is considered as an electrical charge present in an atom. Valency is the numeral indicator. Valance shell electron may be changed or remains the same. Valency of the noble gases elements is zero because the noble gases already complete its valance shell and become stable. Valency is the property of an insulated atom. Valency is the number of bonds that an atom makes to attain stability. Valency is based on individual charge electronic configuration. Valency can never be zero. For example, the valency of sodium is one and valency of magnesium is two because they are present in the group 1A and 2A.
What is Oxidation State?
It is the maximum number of electrons that an atom gains or losses. The is denoted by charge above an atom. The oxidation number doesn’t give the information about several bonds it can make with other elements. The different nature of an atom has a different oxidation number. It is the presence of electrical charge on an atom in a different compound. The oxidation number of a pure or neutral element is zero. The oxidation number is the particular number of the electron that an atom can gain or lose. There are various rules to find the oxidation number of an element. The element present in different compounds have different oxidation number like oxygen atom has oxidation number -2 and in peroxides +1 and superoxide, it is indicated by -½. Oxidation number referred simply as the number of electron gain or lost by an atom. It is written in the upper right side of the symbol with charge. Oxidation state is simply the indication of electrons that atom used to become stable. The oxidation number of an element is the number assign to the element. The oxidation state the calculated number in an atom. Oxidation state can be zero. The increase in oxidation number is called oxidation while the decrease in oxidation number is called reduction.
