Hepatitis vs. Jaundice
Key Differences
Comparison Chart
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Condition
Consequences
Types
Signs and Symptoms
Diagnostic Tests
Hepatitis and Jaundice Definitions
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Hepatitis vs. Jaundice
Hepatitis has symptoms of flu, diarrhea, fatigue, loss of appetite, mild fever, muscle ache, nausea, abdominal pain, vomiting, weight loss, liver failure, dark urine, hives, light colored feces, itchy skin, yellow skin and jaundice whereas jaundice shows symptoms of yellow skin, yellow eyes, fatigue, abdominal pain, vomiting, weight loss, pale stools, and dark urine. Hepatitis has risk factors; blood transfusion, hemodialysis, mother to babies and sexual contacts whereas risk factors of jaundice are acute inflammation of the liver, inflammation of bile duct, obstruction of the bile duct, hemolytic anemia, Gilbert’s syndrome, and Cholestasis. Hepatitis has the complication of acute and subacute hepatic necrosis whereas, in jaundice, complications are scratching skin because of the intense itching, insomnia, and suicidal thoughts. Complications in jaundice occur because of underlying cause not because of jaundice itself.
What is Hepatitis?
The liver performs the function of detoxifying the blood, storage of vitamins and hormones in the body. Hepatitis disrupts its function and produces severe problems for the body. Five types of virus cause hepatitis, among them hepatitis A, B, and C are more dangerous. Hepatitis A is acute while hepatitis B and C are chronic diseases. Hepatitis A is mild, and the patient can recover from it, and after that, he will develop immunity against it. There is no cure for hepatitis B, but with the currently available vaccination, the cure rate is 95% in the USA. HCV can lead to liver damage and swelling. Around 1 in 4 people with HCV get cirrhosis and can result in liver cancer. Blood donation is now tested for HCV, but people who received organ transplants before testing became part of the donation process may be at risk. Healthcare workers who expose to sharps, users of IV drugs and infants born to mothers with HCV are high-risk groups. Following tests confirm the diagnosis: liver biopsy, paracentesis, elastography, surrogate markers, nucleic acid tests, and blood tests.
What is Jaundice?
Jaundice is the condition of hyperbilirubinemia where bilirubin level increases in the blood. In jaundice, yellowing of the skin and whiting of the eyes occur. It is also known as icterus. Bilirubin is the yellow color waste material (degradation material of hemoglobin) that remains in the body when the iron is removed from the blood. Bilirubin is insoluble in water, so it is incapable of excreting through urine. Bilirubin reaches to the liver attached with other chemicals. This type of bilirubin is called conjugated bilirubin. The liver produces bile which is a digestive juice. Conjugated bilirubin enters the bile and then leaves the body. If there is too much bilirubin in the body, then it can leak into the surrounding tissues. This is known as hyperbilirubinemia and gives the yellow color in the skin and eyes. Jaundice is of three classes based on the pathological conditions. Hepatocellular jaundice is due to liver disease. Obstructive jaundice is due to abnormalities in the biliary tract caused by stones. Hemolytic jaundice is caused due to increased hemolysis. Bilirubin level in blood is used to diagnose jaundice. Pre-hepatic/hemolytic, Hepatic/hepatocellular, Post-hepatic/cholestatic, complete blood count, ultrasound scan, MRI, hepatitis A, B, and C biopsy and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) are used in severe cases to know the possibility of jaundice. Treatment of jaundice includes steroids, antiviral drugs based on the percentage of infection. Patients are treated with surgery in case of obstructive jaundice.
